2006/11/28 City Council Resolution (7)RESOLUTION NO. 2006 -275
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROHNERT PARK
ADOPTING BICYCLE PARKING STANDARDS
WHEREAS, the City wishes to encourage the increased use of bicycles throughout
the City; and
WHEREAS, the lack of functional bicycle parking at shopping, recreation and
public spaces and other destinations has been cited as a barrier to bicycle use; and
WHEREAS, the Bicycle Advisory Committee of the City of Rohnert Park has
reviewed and recommends the adoption of bicycle parking standards included in the
document Retailer's Guide to Implementing Effective Bicycle Parking.
NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of
Rohnert Park adopt the Retailer's Guide to Implementing Effective Bicycle Parking as the
City's bicycle parking standards;
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the inverted U- shaped rack as recommended
and specified in the Retailer's Guide to Implementing Effective Bicycle Parking shall be
required for projects that must fulfill bicycle parking requirements, and that covered bicycle
parking sliall be optional, not required;
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the bicycle parking standards therein and as
revised by this resolution are to be included in the next update of the City's Allanual of
Standards, Details and Specifications.
DULY AND REGULARLY ADOPTED this 28thday of November , 2006
IT OF ROHNERT
ATTEST: Mayor Tim Smith
BREEZE: AYE FLORES: AYE MACKENZIE: AYE VIDAK- MARTINEZ: ABSENT SMITH: AYE
AYES: (4) NOES: (0) ABSENT: (1) ABSTAIN: (0)
RETAILER'S GUIDE TO IMPLEMENTING
EF I FECTIVE.
BICYCLE
PARKING
Attract Customers to Your Doorstep
Accommodate More Customers in Less Space
Eliminate Hazards and Clutter
Promote Community Goodwill
2 - RFTAILI:R's GUIDF TO IMPLEMENTING EFF1-CT1VL BICYCLE PARKING
Introduction
PROVIDING EFFECTIVE BICYCLE PARKING makes good business sense. Implementing
effective bicycle parking facilities attracts customers directly to your doorstep. It prevents hazards and
clutter, and it helps make the retail neighborhood attractive. Where car parking is tight, every customer
arriving on a bike leaves a car parking space free for someone else.
And people are rediscovering the bicycle for trips to the store. By riding a bike instead of driving a car,
they can enjoy fresh air and exercise, and the convenience of avoiding gridlock.
Customers arriving by bike, just like customers
arriving by car, need a suitable and convenient
place to park their vehicles. Bicyclist customers
want to be confident that their bikes will be
secure from theft or damage while they shop.
All too often, bike parking facilities, when they
exist, suffer from an outdated bike rack design or
an unsuitable location. They may even be
completely unusable for secure bike parking. In
such situations, bicyclist customers will either
improvise, by parking next to the nearest fixed
object, or they will simply take their business
elsewhere.
Fortunately, with a bit of attention and a minimal
investment, excellent bike parking can be
riiY�wiieu L�.0 �n
any ll. Lau 1Vl.a L1V11. I IUS
document provides all the information (plus some
key pointers) that a retailer needs for
implementing effective bicycle parking - -and
attract loyal bicyclist customers.
It is hoped that this information will contribute to
better bike parking, help make our local retail
neighborhoods vibrant, and encourage more
Americans to shop, dine, play, and do errands by
bicycle.
A f-IT,'XTllAA TT TTlf' A .TTA Tm[i
I7L,111N V VV 1.- r—"U1V1r,1N 1
CONTENTS
Introduction 2
Bike Racks: Fundamentals 3
Bike Racks: Problems to Avoid 4
Design Specifications 5
Locating Bike Parking: Basics 6
Location & Layout: More Pointers 7
Summary: The 12 Bike Parking Essentials 8
This document was created as part of Shop by Bike, a volunteer project of the Bicycle Alliance of Washington, supported by
City of Seattle CarSmart Communities Challenge Grants, 2001 -02. Coordinator /editor: Emily Allen. Co- coordinator (and
spokesmodel): Chris King. Text: Emily Allen, Rebecca Slivka, Evan Lewis. Shop by Bike logo: Chicagoland Bicycle Federa-
tion and Chicago DOT. Photos: Emily Allen, Rebecca Slivka, Linda Schwartz, Jennifer Quesinberry, Mary Catherine Snyder.
Volunteers: Rebecca Slivka, Evan Lewis, Linda Schwartz, Jennifer Quesinberry, Mary Catherine Snyder, Shannon Markley,
Pam Mandel, Aaron Goss. Thank yous to: Tom Bertulis, Amy Carlson, Barbara Culp, Peter Dewey, Gary Goldbaum, Jemae
Hoffman, Ken Jacobsen, Peter Lagerwey, Anne Vernez Moudon, Bill Nye, Randy Wiger, Gregg's Cycles, REI, and all the
volunteers. Please do freely copy, share and distribute this document: Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) file available at
www.bicyclealliance.org or email emilyallen @aol.com.
RL7AILLR's GUIDE TO IMPLL-MLNTING I_FTI=C71vE BICYCLE- PARKING - 3
Bike Racks: Fundamentals
1 BIKE RACK SUPPORTS FRAME
A bike rack should support the bicycle frame
in two places, since most bikes aren't freestanding.
Inverted -U racks work well (see box). Avoid
outdated bike racks that only support the bicycle at
the wheel, as these can damage wheels, and are
not suitable for secure locking. The popular ribbon
or wave -type rack, when used as designed, only
supports a bicycle in one place, leaving bikes
susceptible to falling down or being knocked over.
Adequately spaced bike racks, with 30 to
36 inches between racks, allow obstacle-
. free access to bike parking spaces.
This hpe of bike rack, shaped like
a giant staple with a crossbar;
supports a bike frame well.
The popular wave -
ope rack can fully
support a bicycle
only when used
,,broadside. " When
used as designed,
bikes are susceptible
to falling down.
2 SPACES OF ADEQUATE WIDTH
Most manufacturers still sell outdated bike
racks that do not accommodate the very common
mountain -style handlebars (typical width 24 ").
They often overstate the capacity their bike racks
Many manufac- provide. Plan for at least 2 feet wide by 6 feet
Lured bike racks long per bike parking space, reflecting bikes'
force bicycle actual size. Mutiple side -to -side bike racks should
handlebars (29) be spaced at least 30 inches apart. End -to -end
to overlap and racks, as along a sidewalk, should be at least 5
crowd each other- feet apart. See page 5 for layout requirements.
3 ACCOMMODATES VARIOUS LOCKS
A bike rack should be able to accommodate
U- locks, cable locks, and chains, and allow both
the bicycle frame and wheels to be secured to the
bike rack. The geometry of the bike rack should
make it easy to lock to. Also,
pipe used to make bike racks
shouldn't be too thick (outer
diameter of 2 inches max), so'
a lock can easily get around
both the rack and the bike. U -lock and cable lock.
4 SIMPLE AND DURABLE
A bike rack should have no moving parts. It
should be designed to be simple to use with any
style or size of bike. It should also be sturdy and
able to be solidly affixed to the pavement. The
surface coating should be maintenance -free, as
well as corrosion- and impact - resistant, and non -
damaging to bikes' finish. See page 5 for complete
bike rack specifications.
GOOD DESIGN: INVERTED -U RACK
The inverted -U bike rack is now the preferred
design for quality bike parking. Several mu-
nicipalities now require it for bike parking._
The inverted U offers an aesthetically appeal-
ing design while fulfilling all the functional
requirements of a good bike rack. It is also
economical and can be simply made from
standard pipe by a metal fabricator. See page 5
for complete specifications for fabricating
inverted -U racks, as well as contact informa-
tion for manufacturers.
The inverted -U bike rack, whether as stand-alone units `
or on rails with multiple Us, make for excellent bike
parking when the inverted U's are spaced at least 30
inches apart. Two bikes can use each inverted U.
4 - RETAILER's GUIDE TO IMPLEMENTING EFFECTIVE BICYCLE PARKING
Bike Racks: Problems to Avoid
AVOID THE DISH- DRIER, OR FENCE RACK
This old grade - school bike rack also only supports the bicycle wheel, can damage the wheel if the
bike is jostled or falls down. Used as designed, it is not suitable for secure locking. Generally, the only
places to lock the bicycle frame to are the two ends of the dish -drier rack. "Thus, its real capacity is
generally two bicycles, no matter how big and space- consuming it is. Sometimes it is used broadside,
again, with severely diminished capacity compared to manufacturer's claims. (Occasionally, bicyclists
will lift the front end of the bike over the top bar of the dish -drier rack in order to lock securely; not
only is this clirnuG1J01I1C, but It can damage the bike.)
� v
Avoid these old grade- school
4 g t rm
style bike racks! Their capacity
M
is severely diminished by their
x
T ' poor design — and they can also
damage bikes.
AVOID THE WHEEL- BENDER !111" `_
This outdated bike rack supports only the bicycle
Wheel. It can damage the wheel if the bike is `
jostled or falls down. It is also totally unsuitable
for secure locking.
BEWARE OF EXAGGERATED CAPACITY CLAIMS
Avoid this outdated, wheel -
bending bike rack! It is
impossible to lock a bicycle
securely to it.
The popular wave -style (or ribbon) bike rack, at left below, has several limitations. Manufacturers'
claims about the number of bikes these racks will realistically hold are often exaggerated. Actual use is
generally one bike per down - curve. Also, this type of rack does not support the bike frame well when
used as designed. When this rack is used "broadside," which better supports the bike frame, the capacity
is reduced even further, as seen below.
Manufacturers of other rack styles may also exaggerate capacity. The spaces on their bike racks are
often too narrow because they were designed for older, drop -style handlebars (see the clashing handle-
bars in the middle picture below). Mountain -style handlebars, now the most prevalent style, are typically
24 inches across. Plan for each bike parking space to be at least 24 inches wide.
Wave -style (or ribbon)
bike racks typically
have exaggerated
capacity claims and
poor support for the
bike frame, unless used
"broadside" as seen at
lower left.
Many manufactured
bike racks force
bicycle handlebars
(24" wide) to overlap
or crowd each other.
Adequate space is
also needed for bike
bags (panniers),
especially when
they're being f lled
with purchases!
RETAILER'S GUIDE "I.O 1MPLEMENTING EFFECTIVE BICYCLE PARKING - 5
Design Specifications
SPECS FOR INVERTED -U RACK
Height: 36" (range 32 -36 "); Width: 24" (range 18 -24 ")
Shape: Single continuous bend (internal radius 10 "); one -
piece construction with straight parallel legs.
Pipe size: 19" outer diam.- 1.5" inner diam, (ASTM A53
Sched. 40 nominal size 1 1/2" steel pipe, 0.145" wall
thickness): total length of about 86 ".
Anchor flanges: Two 6" diam. circles (3/16" thickness)
with three holes (71116" diam., l" from outer edge, set at
120 - de2ree angles), flush -mount welded to base of each leg.
Bolts: Secure anchor bolts for affixing to concrete.
Surface: Hot - dipped galvanized after fabrication; hand -
filed to remove galvanizing flash. Coating: Electrostatically
applied polyester (1-G1C) powder coat paint (6 -8 mils), or
PVC coating (15 mils).
Rails for multi-11J racks: 4" wide, sufficient length to allow
30" between inverted Us.
.MANUFACTURERS
Specializing in the Inverted U:
Cycle -Safe (One -Bend Rack), www.cycle- safe.coni, 1-
888- 950 -6531, cyclesafe @aol.com.
Function First Bike Security (The Bike Rib),
www.bikerack.com, 1- 888- BIKERIB (1- 888 - 245- 3742),
bikerib @gwest.net
Also: Dero (Hoop Rack), www.dei-o.com;
Creative Pipe (SU, WU racks), www.creativepipe.com;
Graber (Bike Dock), www.graberparking.com;
Huntco (HP Rack), www.buntco.coni;
Madrax (U -Two Rack), www.inadrax.com.
Or use your local metal fabricator and the inverted -U
rack specifications at left. See the Yellow Pages under
Metal Fabrication. Note: This is not a complete list, and
no endorsement is implied of any company.
LAYOUT AND SPACE REQUIREMENTS FOR BICYCLE PARKING
Side -by -side rack placement: Racks, which hold two bikes each, must be 30" apart from one another, and end
racks must Dave 24" clearance to the sides from walls or other objects. In'addition to space for bikes, an aisle is
needed to that bikes can independently access the area. The layout shown at left below is 9 x 12 feet.
30"
1
x-30 'L�--24'L4
30"
60"
End -to -end (as along a sidewalk or wall): If racks are placed end -
to -end along a wall, an access aisle is needed, and racks should be
placed 7.5 feet (90 inches) apart
If along a sidewalk, allow at `
least 5 feet between racks; racks t 30
on the sidewalk should be set
back an additional foot (3 feet
total) from the curb, away from 24" > x-24"
car doors. The layout shown at s
right is 4 x 16.5 feet.
36"
Angle layout (as in car parking stall): If a car
parking stall is to be used for bike parking, it must
be as close as possible to the store entrance.
Bollards or other guarding is needed to protect
bikes from cars.
30"
3011
y
t"__
24"
r
30"
1
x-30 'L�--24'L4
30"
60"
End -to -end (as along a sidewalk or wall): If racks are placed end -
to -end along a wall, an access aisle is needed, and racks should be
placed 7.5 feet (90 inches) apart
If along a sidewalk, allow at `
least 5 feet between racks; racks t 30
on the sidewalk should be set
back an additional foot (3 feet
total) from the curb, away from 24" > x-24"
car doors. The layout shown at s
right is 4 x 16.5 feet.
36"
Angle layout (as in car parking stall): If a car
parking stall is to be used for bike parking, it must
be as close as possible to the store entrance.
Bollards or other guarding is needed to protect
bikes from cars.
30"
3011
y
t"__
24"
6 - RETAILER __S GUIDE "TO IMPLEMENTING EFFECTIVE BicyCLE PARKING
Locating Bike Parking: Basics
1 SAFE AND EASY ACCESS
Jl Bike parking should be reachable without conflict
with automobiles or with pedestrian thoroughfares.
Access ways must not require bicyclists to traverse a
parking lot to reach bike racks, since the many backing
and turning maneuvers of cars are hazardous for bikes.
Stairs and curbs; obstacles for bikes, should be avoided
2 SUFFICIENT SURROUNDING SPACE
Plan with the bikes in mind, not empty racks. Riker are typically 2 feet .vide 1— P t l — , A t, tt.._....
vy v ]t, L lvllb JU V
. tAl CJJJtJ 1UUI11
to maneuver in and out. It is very irpportant to maintain atleast a 2 -foot clearance to all sides from walls and other
objects. Refer to page 5 for layout requirements.
VISIBLE AND CONVENIENT
Locating bicycle parking in a highly visible and
highly convenient spot is critical. Bike racks should be
located as close as possible to entrances. If racks are
around the side or back, or in a garage; they won't be
seen or used. Customers will improvise, locking to any
4 SECURELY IN VIEW
The security of customers' bikes from theft and
damage is greatly enhanced by locating bicycle parking
in plain view of passers -by and ofwindows. For
employees' all -day use, more physical security is
needed (bike room, cage, or lockers). Provide for both
types of bike parking, short-term (customer) and long-
term (employee/commuter).
6 AFFIXED TO THE PAVEMENT
Bike racks should be solidly affixed to the pavement using tight, secure bolts or by setting in concrete. Bike
racks should not tilt or wobble. Be sure bike racks cannot be hoisted in a way that allows bikes to be stolen.
7 ADEQUATELY LIT
If street latnns or nnttlnnr hn'ld;nn "i-i— doesn't ;tt,,.
--- - -1--- --- -- _.- . ..... ...........b „b.,..,,,s ..-v i iJutu iitatx. 41G UJAC palAing
area, add appropriate lighting for ease of locking and unlocking bikes and stowing
purchases - -as well as for personal and bicycle security.
8 COVERED FROM WEATHER
Bicyclists appreciate cover fi-om rain. Awnings
should be adequate to cover bikes, not just empty
racks. Overhangs should be sufficient to protect from
blowing rain. Note: Retail customer bike parking
should not be located in the depths of parking garages;
all -day employee parking may be appropriate there,
inside a bike cage or bike lockers (see box on page 7).
RETAILER'S GUIDE TO IMPLEML -NTING EFFECT]w I3ICYCLL- PARKING - %
Location &Layout: More Pointers
AvolD PHYSICAL OBSTRUCTIONS...
Remember to plan bike parking with the bikes in mind, not empty racks. All styles of bike rack require
several feet of clear space around the rack, free of obstructing objects including garbage cans, merchan-
dise displays; walls, pillars, and shopping carts. A common problem, shown at right,. is placing a ribbon -
style rack too close to a wall; a 30" setback is
needed. Remember to allow 2 feet by 6 feet for R
each parked bike, with a surrounding access zone °.
of at least two feet clear on all sides. Some configu-
rations require additional space for access (refer to x
page 5 for detailed layout requirements).
...AND TAKE CARE TO NOT CREATE FUNCTIONAL OBSTRUCTIONS
Establish a dedicated space for bicycle parking, and avoid creating functional obstructions. Don't locate
bike racks in such a way that parked bikes would conflict with driveways, loading docks, disabled
parking spaces, fire lanes, pedestrian walkways, or any other access way.
Functional obstructions,
such as a bike rack in a
disabled access lane (left),
bike parking jutting into fire
lane (centei), or bike
parking in the way of
pedestrians (right), should
be avoided
PARKING GARAGES: NOT GOOD FOR CUSTOMERS,
POTENTIALLY GOOD FOR COMMUTERS
Parking garages, though covered, are often poorly suited for retail customer bicycle parking. Bike
racks in garages lack convenience to entrances and visibility to passersby. Garages are often unsafe
for bicyclists because of cars' semi -blind backing and turning movements, and because of personal
security issues. Bike rack areas in garages can also become dumping grounds for shopping carts.
Nonetheless, parking garages can be suitable for longer -term (all -day) commuter bike parking, if
physically secure facilities such as a bike cage ,(with bike racks inside), or bike lockers, are installed.
RETAILER s GUIDE TO IMPLEMENTING EFFECTIVE BICYCLE PARKING - S
Summary: The 12 Bile Park-ingEssentials
Bike Rack Selection
BIKE RACK SUPPORTS FRAME
A bike rack should support the bicycle frame
in two places, since most bikes aren't freestand-
ing. Avoid outdated bike racks that only support
the bicycle at the wheel, as these can damage
wheels, and are not suitable for secure locking.
2 SPACES OF ADEQUATE WIDTH
Most manufacturers still sell outdated bike
racks that do not accommodate the very common
mountain -style handlebars (24" width). They
often overstate the actual capacity their bike racks
provide. Plan spaces for bikes at 2 feet wide by 6
feet long, per space, reflecting bikes' actual size.
3 ACCOMMODATES
VARIOUS LOCKS
A bike rack should be able
to accommodate U- locks,
cable locks, and chains,
and allow both the bicycle
frame and wheels to be
secured to the bike rack.
/� SIMPLE AND
—1' DURABLE
A bike rack should have
no moving parts. It should
also be sturdy and have a
maintenance -free coating
that doesn't damage bikes.
Locating Bike Parking
5 SAFE AND EASY ACCESS
Bike parking should be reachable without
conflict with automobiles or with pedestrian
thoroughfares. Access ways must not require
bicyclists to traverse a parking lotto reach bike
racks, as the many backing and turning movements
of motor vehicles are hazardous for bikes. Stairs
and curbs, obstacles for bikes, should be avoided.
6 SUFFICIENT SURROUNDING SPACE
Plan with the bikes in mind, not empty racks
Bikes are 2 feet wide by 6 feet long. Also allow
room to maneuver in and out. Maintain at least a
2 -foot clearance to all sides from all walls, poles,
trash cans, and merchandise.
7 VISIBLE AND CONVENIENT
Locating bicycle parking in a highly visible
and highly convenient spot is critical. Bike racks
should be located as close as possible to entrances.
If bike racks are around the side, at back, or in a
garage, they won't be seen or used. Customers
will improvise, locking to any nearby fixed object.
SECURELY IN VIEW 1 "
iic �c�utit" 01 viltGJ 110 tllCll
and damage is greatly enhanced by
locating bicycle parking in plain 0,
view of passers -by and of windows
Customers appreciate highly visible bike parking.
For all -day use, as for employees, a higher level of
physical security (bike room, cage, or lockers) is
needed. Provide for both types of bike parking.
9 ON A LEVEL EVEN SURFACE
Bikes are hard to maneuver, lock and unlock
on a sloped surface, especially when loaded with
purchases. On a slope, they'll roll forward or back,
and if there's a cross - slope, they will tend to tip.
An uneven; cracked, or puddly area can also be a
problem. The whole bike parking area should be
level and even.
AF FIXED TO THE P AVEMEN T
1 Bike racks should be solidly affixed to the
pavement using tight, secure bolts or by setting in
concrete. Bike racks should not tilt or wobble. Be
sure bike racks cannot be hoisted to steal bikes.
I I ADEQUATELY LIT
If street lamps or outdoor building light-
ing don't illuminate the bike parking area, add
appropriate lighting for ease of locking and un-
locking bikes and stowing purchases - -as well as
for personal and bicycle security.
1 COVERED FROM WEATHER
i -d-a Bicyclists appreciate cover from rain.
Awnings should be adequate to cover bikes, not
just empty racks. Overhangs should be sufficient to
protect from blowing rain. Note: Retail customer
bike parking should not be
located in the depths of
parking garages; all -day
employee parking may be
appropriate there inside a
' bike cage or bike Iockers.