SOP-29 Open Source Website InvestigationsPolice Services Division
SOP-28
June 25, 2019
SUBJECT: AUTHORIZATION TO ACCESS REAL TIME OPEN SOURCE WEBSITES
PURPOSE: To establish guidelines for Rohnert Park Department of Public Safety personnel
regarding the authorization necessary to utilize real time open source and access real time open
source websites for crime analysis, situational assessments and awareness, developing criminal
intelligence and supporting criminal investigations.
DEFINITIONS
Crime Analysis and Situational Assessment/Awareness:
Analytic activities to identify and understand trends, causes, and potential indicia of criminal
activity, including terrorism.
Criminal Intelligence Information:
Data which meets criminal intelligence collection criteria and which has been evaluated and
determined to be relevant to the identification of criminal activity engaged in by individuals or
organizations which are reasonably suspected of involvement in criminal activity.
Online Alias:
An online identity encompassing identifiers, such as name and date of birth, differing from the
individual’s actual identifiers, and can use a nongovernmental Internet Protocol (IP) address.
Online alias may be used to monitor activity on real time open source websites or to engage in
authorized online undercover activity.
Online Undercover Activity:
The utilization of an online alias to engage in interactions with a person via real time open source
sites that may or may not be in the public domain (i.e. “friending a person on Facebook”).
Public Domain:
Any Internet resource that is open and available to any person.
Real Time Open Source:
A category of Internet-based resources that integrate user-generated content and user
participation. This includes, but is not limited to, real time open source networking sites
(Facebook, Instagram), micro blogging sites (Twitter), photo- and video-sharing sites (Flickr,
YouTube), wikis (Wikipedia), blogs, and news sites (Digg, Reddit).
Real Time Open Source Websites:
Sites which focus on building online communities of people who share interests and activities
and/or exploring the interests and activities of others. Real time open source websites are further
categorized by Internet-based resources that integrate user-generated content and user
participation. This includes, but is not limited to, social networking sites (Facebook, Instagram),
micro blogging sites (Twitter, Nixle), photo-and video-sharing sites (Flickr, YouTube), wikis
(Wikipedia), blogs, and news sites (Digg, Reddit). The absence of an explicit reference to a
specific real time open source website does not limit the application of this policy.
Valid Law Enforcement Purpose:
Information/intelligence gathering development, or collection, use, retention, or sharing that
furthers the authorized functions and activities of a law enforcement agency, which may include
the prevention of crime, ensuring the safety of the public, furthering officer safety, and homeland
and national security, while adhering to law and agency policy designed to protect the privacy,
civil rights, and civil liberties of individuals or organizations.
PROCEDURES
A. Public Domain:
No authorization is necessary for general research, topical information or other law
enforcement uses that do not require the acquisition of an online alias.
B. Online Alias:
An online alias may only be used to seek or retain information that:
1. Is based upon a criminal predicate or threat to public safety; or is based upon
reasonable suspicion that an identifiable individual, regardless of citizenship
or U.S. residency status, or organization has committed an identifiable
criminal offense, or is involved in or is planning criminal conduct or activity
that presents a threat to an individual, the community, or the nation and the
information is relevant to the criminal conduct; and
2. Is related to crime analysis, situational assessments/awareness, developing
criminal intelligence, or supporting a criminal investigation.
C. Authorization for Online Aliases:
Online Alias is defined as an identity encompassing identifiers, such as name and date
of birth, differing from the individual user’s actual identifiers that may be
communicated through the use of a nongovernmental Internet Protocol (IP) address.
An online alias may only be used to monitor activity on real time open source
websites. Without prior authorization, personnel are prohibited from using an online
alias for undercover activity, which is defined as engaging and interacting with others
online. For authorization to use an online alias for an undercover purpose, refer to
Section (D).
1. To receive authorization to use an online alias, RPDPS personnel shall
submit an online alias request form to their immediate supervisor.
2. The request form (See RPDPS Online Alias Request Form) must contain the
following information:
a. An explanation of the valid law enforcement and/or public safety
purpose for the request;
b. Username/Login information. (Do not include the password(s) for
online aliases and ensure that the password(s) are secure at all times);
c. List of real time open source platform(s) to be accessed; and any
Identity and/or background information to be utilized for the online
alias, to include but not be limited to; email address(es), physical
addresses, date of birth, employment, special interests, personal or
professional affiliations, and any photographs or images to be used, or
any other background information that is anticipated to be required as
part of the process to establish the online alias.
3. The immediate supervisor shall evaluate the request to determine whether an
online alias would serve a valid law enforcement or public safety purpose. If
determined to meet the standards as outlined by this S.O.P., the immediate
supervisor will sign and authorize the creation of the alias. If the request is
denied the alias will not be created. This authorization form will be
maintained in the case file.
4. All online alias requests will be retained for a period of two years from the
date of deactivation or denial. RPDPS personnel are also responsible for
notifying their immediate supervisor if they have deactivated their approved
online alias.
5. RPDPS personnel with an approved online alias may use their online alias to
make false representations in concealment of personal identity in order to
establish real time open source accounts (i.e. a twitter account, Facebook).
However, RPDPS personnel are prohibited from using an online alias for
undercover activity unless authorized in accordance with the provisions set
forth in this S.O.P. The establishment of a real time open source account with
an approved online alias must be documented and submitted to their
immediate supervisor.
D. Authorization for use of Online Alias for Undercover Activity:
Online Undercover Activity is defined as the utilization of an online alias to engage in
interactions with a person via real time open source sites that may or may not be in the
public domain (i.e. “friending a person on Facebook”).
1. RPDPS personnel who have an authorized online alias may also request
authorization to engage in online undercover activity.
2. Online undercover activity occurs when the RPDPS personnel utilizing the
online alias interacts with a person via real time open source. Online
undercover operations will only be utilized when there is reason to believe that
criminal offenses have been, will be or are being committed (e.g. internet chat
rooms where child exploitation occurs).
3. Personnel must submit an Online Undercover Activity request form (See
RPDPS Online Undercover Activity Request Form) to engage in online
undercover activity. The request must contain the following information:
a. Online alias(es) to be used in the online undercover activity;
b. Real time open source accounts utilized;
c. Law enforcement agency being supported;
d. Law enforcement agency’s case number;
e. Valid law enforcement purpose; and
f. Anticipated duration for the online undercover activity.
4. The immediate supervisor shall evaluate the request to determine whether
online undercover activity meets the requirements as set forth in this S.O.P.
Depending on if determined to meet the necessary standards, the immediate
supervisor shall approve or deny the request and will notify the employee of
his or her decision. The original approved or denied online undercover activity
request form will be returned to the employee and retained in the case file. All
online undercover activity requests will be retained for a period of two years
from the date of deactivation or denial.
5. A record will be maintained of all online undercover activity to include chat
transcriptions, interaction logs, etc.
6. All approved online undercover activity requests will be reviewed by the
immediate supervisor to ensure continued need for the online undercover
activity. Approved online undercover activity that does not provide pertinent
information related to a valid law enforcement purpose within thirty (30) days,
will be discontinued.
7. A summary of the online undercover activity, to include the date of termination
will be placed in the intelligence file by RPDPS personnel authorized to use
the online alias. The online alias, with supervisor authorization, may be
maintained if it is anticipated that it will be utilized again.
E. Off Duty Conduct:
RPDPS personnel will not utilize approved online aliases, approved undercover accounts
or activity, or approved real time open source analysis tools for personal use.
F. Personal Equipment and Personal Real Time Open Source Websites and
Passwords:
Given the ease with which information can be gathered from public internet searches,
tracking services, and other computer analytic technology, the use of personal or family
internet accounts, real time open source, or internet service (to include wireless
connections) for official RPDPS business related to real time open source analysis or
undercover activity is discouraged.